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The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus or Tomb of Mausolus ((ペルシア語:آرامگاه هالیکارناسوس); ) was a tomb built between 353 and 350 BC at Halicarnassus (present Bodrum, Turkey) for Mausolus, a satrap in the Persian Empire, and his sister-wife Artemisia II of Caria. The structure was designed by the Greek architects Satyros and Pythius of Priene. The Mausoleum was approximately in height, and the four sides were adorned with sculptural reliefs, each created by one of four Greek sculptors—Leochares, Bryaxis, Scopas of Paros and Timotheus. The finished structure of the mausoleum was considered to be such an aesthetic triumph that Antipater of Sidon identified it as one of his Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It was destroyed by successive earthquakes from the 12th to the 15th century.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/artarchaeologyarchitect/g/Masoleum.htm )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.unmuseum.org/maus.htm )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bodrumpages.com/English/mausoleum.html )〕 The word ''mausoleum'' has now come to be used generically for an above-ground tomb. ==Conquest== In the 4th century BCE, Halicarnassus was the capital of a small regional kingdom within the Achaemenid Persian Empire on the western coast of Asia Minor. In 377 BCE, the nominal ruler of the region, Hecatomnus of Milas, died and left the control of the kingdom to his son, Mausolus. Hecatomnus, a local satrap under the Persians, took control of several of the neighboring cities and districts. After Artemisia and Mausolus, he had several other daughters and sons: Ada (adoptive mother of Alexander the Great), Idrieus and Pixodarus. Mausolus extended its territory as far as the southwest coast of Anatolia. Artemisia and Mausolus ruled from Halicarnassus over the surrounding territory for 24 years. Mausolus, although descended from local people, spoke Greek and admired the Greek way of life and government. He founded many cities of Greek design along the coast and encouraged Greek democratic traditions . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mausoleum at Halicarnassus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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